Grammar: The short subject pronouns (singular).

   1.                     The short subject pronouns

In Pulaar there are three pronouns singular, each with its own form. There is no difference in form for masculine or feminine.

       Mi...........I

       A............You

       O............He / She / It

 Example

     Ko Amadu mi innetee..........My name is Amadu

     Ko John innete daa........Is John your name (The subject is post posed, we will see the post-position later)

     Ko Faatu o innetee.

   2.                     Innegol (Verb infinitive)

There are three groups of verbs in Pulaar. The verbs are classified depending on their endings and in the infinive: -ugol e.g: arugol (to come); -agol e.g: lootagol (to take shower); -egol e.g: yobegol (to get paid).

Example:

     Ko Amadu mi innete.

     Ko John innete daa.

     Ko Faatu o innete.

   3.                   The determinants

Pulaar has 24 classes. This sounds scary, but it's not really that complicated, with a little practice it's easy to guess what class a noun belongsto. Some classes are associated with certain meaning, it's often easier to learn noun classes by the sound of the words.

Ndeng:

     Beynguure  ndeng  = the family

     Hoore ndeng = the head

     Saare ndeng = the town/ the city/ the village

Deng:

     Golle deng = the work/ the activities

     Ca’e deng = the towns/the cities/ the villages

     Pade deng = the shoes

Koy:

                Paykoy koy = the kids

                Fijirkoy koy = the toys

4.                   The question word “Hono / No”......What?

Hono wa’i=No wa’i