Let’s Learn Amharic. አማርኛ እንማር።

Objective
Lesson One የግዕዝ ፊደላት The Ge’ez Alphabet
Introduction

Amharic, as one of the major Ethiopian languages, is spoken by millions of people.

According to linguists, Amharic is a branch of Afro-Asiatic group,

Related to Arabic and Hebrew. It is the second most spoken semetic language next to Arabic.

Amharic uses the Ge’ez script, alphabet or FIDEL (ፊደል) which is an ancient Ethiopic language.

The most commonly used alphabets are 33, each with seven horizontal orders

Called Ge’ez, Kab’i, Sa’lis, Ra’b’i, Hamis, sadis and Sa’b’i. therefore there are 231 major alphabets altogether.

The most notable features of Ge’ez, or Amharic Fidel are:-

 

The type of writing is ABUGIDA. (a kind of syllabary where the vowel is changed by modifying the base consonant symbol so that each vowel and consonant resemble one another.

It is written from left to right.

Each symbol represents a syllable consisting of a consonant plus a vowel.

There is no standard way of transliterating the ge’ez script into Latin.

Lesson Vocabulary

Lesson Vocabulary

Lesson Conversation:

Lesson Monologue

የሰላምታ መልስ ። Answering greeting questions

አዎ ሰላም ኣደርኩ

አዎ መልካም ቀን ኣሳለፍኩ።

አዎ ጤነኛ ነኝ።

 አዎ ቤተሰቤ ጤነኛ ነው።

በሰላም ተኛሁ።

 ቤተሰቤ ሰላም ተኙ።

አዎ ደህና ነኝ።

አዎ ቤተሰቤ ደህና ነው።

እኔ ደህና ነኝ።

 ቤተሰቤ ደህና ነው።

ቤተሰቤ ደህና ነው።

 ኣባቴ ደህና ነው።

እናቴ ደህና ናት።

ባሌ ደህና ነው።

 ሚስቴ ደህና ናት።

ልጄ ደህና ነው።

ኣዎ ፤ ጤነኛ ነኝ።

አዎ ቤተሰቤ ጤናማ ነው።

አዎ ቤተሰቤ ደህና ነው።

አዎ አባቴ ጤነኛ ነው።

ኣዎ እናቴ ጤነኛ ናት።

 ኣዎ ባሌ ጤነኛ ነው።

ኣዎ ሚስቴ ጤነኛ ናት።

 ኣዎ ልጄ ጤነኛ ነው።

Yes I have a good  sleep, in peace

Yes I  passed a peaceful day

Yes I am healthy

Yes my family is healthy

I have been sleep in peace

my family has been sleep in peace 

Yes I am fine

Yes my family is fine ?

I am fine 

my household is  fine

My family is fine

My father is fine

My mother is fine

My  husband is fine

My  wife is fine

My child is fine

Yes I am healthy

Yes my household is healthy

Yes my family is healthy

Yes my  father is healthy

Yes my mother is healthy

Yes my husband ishealthy

Yes my wife is heathy

Yes my child is healthy

 

ሰላምታ Greetings

Did you sleep in peace?

Did you pass a peaceful day?

 

 

Are you healthy?

Is your family healthy?

 

How did you sleep?

How did your family sleep?

 

Are you fine?

Is your family fine?

 በሰላም ተኛህ

መልካም ጊዜ አሳለፍክ?

 

 

ጤነኛ ነህ

 

ቤተሰቡ ጤናማ ነው?

 

እንዴት ተኛህ?

በተሰቡ እንዴት ኣደረ?

 

ደህና ነህ?

ቤተሰብህ ደህና ነው?

ሰላምታ Greetings

እንዴነህ?

ቤተሰቡስ?

ቤተሰብህ እንትዴነ ው?

አባትህ እንዴት ነው?

እናትህ እንትዴ ናት?

ባልሽ እንዴት ነው?

ሚስትህ እንዴት ናት?

ልጅህ እንዴት ነው?

ጤነኛ ነህ?

ቤተሰብህ ጤናማ ነው?

ቤተሰቡ ደህና ነው?

አባትህ ጤናማ ነው?

እናትህ ጤነኛ ናት?

ባልሽ ጤናማ ነው?

ሚስትህ ጤናማ ናት?

ልጅህ ጤናማ ነው?

How are you?

How is your household?

How is your family?

How is your father?

How is your mother?

How is your husband?

How is your wife?

How is your child?

Are you healthy?

Is your household healthy?

Is your family healthy?

Is your father healthy?

Is your mother healthy?

Is your husband healthy?

Is your wife healthy?

Is your child healthy?

 

 

Lesson Note

Grammar Notes

ሰዋሰው።………………………….Grammar

ሰዋሰው።……………………………………………………….Grammar

እኔ

I

እኔ እነሳለሁ።

I get up

 አንተ

You (singular)

አንተ(አንቺ)ትነሳለህ(ሽ)

You (singular) get up

 አንቺ 

He

እሱ ይነሳል።

He get up

እሷ

She

እሷ ትነሳለች።

She get up

እኛ

We

እኛ እንነሳለን።

We get up

እናንተ

You (plural)

እናንተ ትነሳላችሁ።

You (plural) get up

ሰዋሰው።…………………………….Grammar

Yes I am healthy

እኔ

I

እኔ እነሳለሁ።

I get up

Yes my household is healthy

 አንተ

You (singular)

አንተ(አንቺ)ትነሳለህ(ሽ)

You (singular) get up

Yes my family is healthy

 አንቺ 

He

እሱ ይነሳል።

He get up

Yes my  father is healthy

እሷ

She

እሷ ትነሳለች።

She get up

Yes my mother is healthy

እኛ

We

እኛ እንነሳለን።

We get up

Yes my husband ishealthy

እናንተ

You (plural)

እናንተ ትነሳላችሁ።

You (plural) get up

Yes my wife is heathy

 

 

 

 

Yes my child is healthy

 

 

 

 

የግዕዝ ፊደላት The Ge’ez Alphabet

 A.       የአማርኛ አናባቢ ፊደላት |  Amharic Vowels

ä

 

u

i

a

e

ɨ

o

 

 

  B.   Transliteration and names of the Ge’ez Alphabets from 1st order to the7ththth order:-

Symbol

Orders

Ge’ez

Amharic Example

Pronounciation

ä

1st

Ge’ez

በላ

Bela

U

2nd

Ka’eb

Nu

i

3rd

Sal’es

ቢላዋ

Bilawa

a

4th

Ra’be’

ካራ

Kara

e

5th

Hames

ሴት

Set

a

6th

Sades

ንብ

Nib

o

7th

Sa’be’

ሆድ

Hod

 C.    Ge’ez (Amharic) Consonants and their Phonetic Transcription

 

As we can observe from the Alphabets, there are Fidels with one, two and three legs.

 Some also have round bottoms or horizontal bottom.

Here are the alphabets:-

 

የ ባለ አንድ እግር ፊደሎች (One leged Alephabets )

የባለ ሁለት ዕግር ፊደሎ ች (Two Leged Alphabetes )

 

 

 

 

የባለ ሶስት እግር ፊደሎች  (Three Leged Alphabetes )

 

 

 

 

 

Ten Characters represent the following four consonants with the samr sound but different shapes.

Phonetic Transcription

The Consonants

h

ኅ and ኸ

s

 

 

S’

 

Lesson Exercise

    መልመጃ………………………..Exercise

    በማለዳ ምን ታደርጋላችሁ?

    What do you do in the morning?

     

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